Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) is a protein hormone produced by special cells (granulosa cells) inside the small, developing ovarian follicles (sacs containing eggs). The level of AMH in the blood is generally considered a reliable marker of ovarian reserve – the quantity of remaining eggs in the ovaries.
Why is AMH Measured?
AMH testing is commonly used in fertility assessments for several reasons:
- Estimating Ovarian Reserve: It helps doctors gauge the number of eggs remaining.
- Predicting Response to IVF: Higher AMH levels often correlate with retrieving more eggs during In Vitro Fertilization (IVF). Lower levels might suggest a poorer response.
- Indicating Menopause Timing: Consistently low or undetectable levels can suggest the approach of menopause.
- Diagnosing PCOS: High levels can sometimes be seen in individuals with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).
What Do AMH Levels Mean?
AMH levels naturally decline as a person ages, reflecting the decrease in the egg supply. Levels peak around age 25 and gradually fall, declining more rapidly after age 35-40.
- Higher Levels: Generally indicate a larger number of remaining eggs (higher ovarian reserve).
- Lower Levels: Suggest fewer remaining eggs (diminished ovarian reserve).
- Very Low/Undetectable Levels: Indicate a significantly depleted ovarian reserve, often seen close to or after menopause.
Crucially, AMH indicates egg *quantity*, not *quality*. Egg quality also declines with age and is a major factor in fertility, but AMH doesn't directly measure it.
Using This Estimator: Important Caveats
This tool provides an ESTIMATED range based on published age-related averages. It is essential to understand:
- Individual Variation: Actual AMH levels vary significantly between individuals of the same age. Factors like genetics, medical history (e.g., ovarian surgery, chemotherapy), and lifestyle can influence levels.
- Lab Differences: AMH results can vary slightly depending on the laboratory and the specific test used. Units (ng/mL vs. pmol/L) also differ (1 ng/mL ≈ 7.14 pmol/L).
- Not a Diagnosis: This tool cannot diagnose infertility, PCOS, or predict menopause. It only offers an age-based perspective on typical levels.
- No Substitute for Testing: The only way to know your actual AMH level is through a blood test ordered by a healthcare provider.
Consult Your Doctor
If you have concerns about your fertility, menstrual cycle, or ovarian reserve, please discuss them with your doctor or a fertility specialist. They can order appropriate tests, including an AMH blood test, interpret the results in the context of your overall health, and provide personalized guidance.